Ƙayyade Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Ɗauka na KW na Na'urar Canzawa Mai Ƙarfin 1000kVA

Yadda Ake Lissafin Matsayin Load na kW na na'urar Transformer 1000kVA bisa Ma'aunin Wutar Lantarki

 

 

Da tsohon na'urar transformer mai ƙarfin 1000kVA wacce a halin yanzu take da nauyin kusan 200kW, shin wannan na'urar transformer za ta iya ɗaukar ƙarin buƙata idan muka yi niyyar ƙara sabon nauyin kusan 600kW? Wannan tambayar ta fi mayar da hankali ne kan wani muhimmin ra'ayi: alaƙa da bambanci tsakanin kVA da kW.

 

 

Alaƙa da bambanci tsakanin kVA da kW

 

 

kVA (kilovolt-ampere) shine na'urar ƙarfin da ke bayyane, yayin da kW (kilowatt) ke wakiltar na'urar ƙarfin aiki. Baya ga ikon da ke bayyane da ƙarfin aiki, akwai kuma ƙarfin amsawa, wanda aka auna a kvar (kilovar).

 

 

 

Menene bambance-bambance tsakanin ikon aiki, ikon amsawa, da ikon bayyananne?

 

 

Ƙarfin Aiki: Idan aka auna shi da watts (W), yana wakiltar ainihin kuzarin da aka cinye ko aikin da aka yi ta hanyar da'ira (misali, dumama, haske).

 

 

 

Ƙarfin Mai Aiki: An auna shi a cikin volt-amperes reactive (VAR), yana tallafawa filayen maganadisu a cikin nauyin inductive (misali, injuna) amma ba ya aiki na gaske. Misali, idan na'urar lantarki ta ƙunshi capacitors ko coils, waɗannan abubuwan za su ci gaba da caji da fitarwa yayin da na'urar ke aiki. Tunda capacitors/coils ba sa cinye makamashin lantarki a lokacin wannan tsari na caji/fitarwa, ana kiran wutar da ke da alaƙa da ‌reactive power‌.

 

 

 

Ƙarfin da ke Bayyana: An auna shi da ƙarfin lantarki mai ƙarfin lantarki (volt-amperes) (VA), haɗin wutar lantarki ne mai aiki da kuma mai amsawa, wanda ke wakiltar jimlar wutar lantarki a cikin da'ira. Tushen wutar lantarki (yawanci na'urar canza wutar lantarki ko janareta) dole ne ya samar da wutar lantarki ba kawai ba har ma da wutar lantarki mai amsawa ga na'urorin lantarki. Wannan saboda, duk da cewa capacitors a cikin na'urar ba sa cinye wutar lantarki mai aiki, ci gaba da caji da fitarwa har yanzu suna buƙatar tushen wutar lantarki don ware wani ɓangare na ƙarfinta don tallafawa wannan tsari.

 

 

 

Bayan fayyace waɗannan ra'ayoyi, yanzu za mu iya bincika alaƙar da ke tsakaninsu, wanda ke kai mu ga wani muhimmin ra'ayi: ‌iko mai ƙarfi‌. Adadin ƙarfin aiki da tushen wutar lantarki zai iya bayarwa ya dogara kai tsaye akan ƙarfin wutar lantarki.

 

 

 

Idan aka sami farashin wutar lantarki a kan $1 a kowace kilowatt-hour (kWh), na'urar transfoma da ke aiki a ƙarfin wutar lantarki na 0.6 za ta iya samar da kuɗin shiga na tattalin arziki na $600/hour. Idan ƙarfin wutar ya inganta zuwa 0.9, na'urar transfoma ɗaya za ta iya samar da ‌900/hour‌45 a cikin kuɗin shiga. Duk da cewa fa'idodin kuɗi na inganta ƙarfin wutar lantarki a bayyane suke, faffadan tasirin fasaha (misali, inganta daidaiton layin wutar lantarki da rage asarar makamashi) sun wuce waɗannan ribar nan take‌.

 

 

 

Nawa kilowatts (kW) nawa na'urar canza wutar lantarki ta 1000kVA za ta iya tallafawa?

 

 

 

 

Da ilimin da aka kafa a sama, yanzu za mu iya magance babbar tambayar wannan labarin cikin fahimta da daidaito.

 

 

 

Ana auna ƙarfin na'urar transformer a cikin kVA (kilovolt-amperes), yayin da ake auna ƙarfin amfani da kayan lantarki a cikin kW (kilowatts). Babban bambanci yana cikin gaskiyar cewa lissafin ƙarfin aiki (kW) na na'ura yana buƙatar ninka ƙarfin da yake bayyane (kVA) ta hanyar ‌power factor (cosφ)‌. Misali, na'urar transformer 1000kVA za ta iya isar da cikakken fitarwa na ‌1000kW‌ ne kawai lokacin da take aiki a ƙarfin ‌1.0‌. Duk da haka, cimma wannan yanayin da ya dace (PF = 1.0) kusan ba zai yiwu ba a aikace-aikacen gaske.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

A matakin ƙira, idan muka aiwatar da diyya ta hanyar amfani da ƙarfin lantarki don cimma ƙarfin lantarki na 0.95, ya kamata a ƙididdige ƙarfin lantarki mai aiki na na'urar transformer a matsayin 1000 × 0.95 = 950kW. Muhimmin Sanarwa: Masu samar da wutar lantarki suna buƙatar ƙarfin lantarki (PF) na ≥0.9‌ don guje wa hukunci; duk da haka, wuce ‌PF = 1.0‌ na iya haifar da hauhawar ƙarfin lantarki na tsarin da kuma daidaita daidaiton grid‌.

 

 

 

Na'urar transformer mai ƙarfin 1000kVA da farko tana samar da nauyin wutar lantarki na 200kW. Bayan ƙara sabon nauyin 600kW, jimillar buƙatar wutar lantarki mai aiki ta kai ‌800kW‌, wanda ke cikin iyakar aiki mai aminci da aka ƙididdige na na'urar transformer.

 

 

 

Saboda haka, na'urar transformer mai ƙarfin 1000kVA wacce a da take samar da 200kW na nauyin lantarki za ta iya aiki cikin aminci na dogon lokaci koda bayan ƙara sabon nauyin 600kW (jimillar 800kW), muddin an inganta ƙarfin wutar lantarki zuwa matakin da ake buƙata.