Matsakaici da Babban Mai Canja Canjin Na'urar Canja Canji: Jagorar Fasaha

(An tallafa da Bayanan Masana'antu da Ka'idoji)

;1. Muhimman Ayyuka da Matsayin Masana'antu;

Switchgear yana aiki a matsayin kashin bayan tsarin wutar lantarki na matsakaici da babban ƙarfin lantarki (MV/HV), yana yin ayyuka uku masu mahimmanci ga masu canza wutar lantarki:

• ;Rarraba Wutar Lantarki: Yana tura wutar lantarki daga na'urorin transformer zuwa kaya ta hanyar na'urorin ciyarwa, sandunan bas, da na'urorin kariya.
• ;Kariyar Laifi: Yana katse matsalar kwararar lantarki a cikin daƙiƙa kaɗan (misali, ƙarfin karyewar wutar lantarki ta 31.5kA–40kA) don hana lalacewar kayan aiki.
• ;Keɓewa da Tsaro: Yana tabbatar da tsaro ta hanyar amfani da makullan injina da kuma hanyoyin da za a bi wajen gina ƙasa.

Misali, tsarin 12kV yana buƙatar mafi ƙarancin izinin shiga daga mataki zuwa ƙasa na 125mm (mai rufe iska) ko 40mm (mai rufe iska) don hana fashewa.

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;2. Nau'i da Tsarin Gine-gine;

Rarrabuwar Switchgear da mahimman bayanai:

;Abubuwa Masu Muhimmanci:

• ;Injin Kare Da'irar Vacuum (VCB)Yana bayar da ayyukan injiniya sama da 10,000 tare da juriyar hulɗa
• ;Ma'aikatan bas: Masu amfani da jan ƙarfe ko aluminum (sashi mai giciye ≥100×10mm²) tare da kwanciyar hankali na zafi har zuwa 40kA/4s.
• ;Relays na KariyaNa'urori masu bin ka'idar IEC 61850 don gano overcurrent, differential, da arc-flash.

;3. Bayanan Fasaha da Ma'auni;

• ;Ƙimar Wutar Lantarki:

• MV: 3.3kV–36kV (wanda aka saba gani a cikin grid na masana'antu).
• HV: 66kV–800kV (sassan hanyoyin sadarwa na watsawa).
  • ;Matakan Rufewa:

• ;Siffofin Tsaro:

• ;Haɗakar Haɗaka Biyar: Yana hana kuzarin da ba a zata ba (misali, makullan karya kaya ba za su iya rufewa ba sai dai idan masu karya da'ira a bude suke).
• ;Rage Matsi: Faifan iskar gas mai hana fashewa (misali, aluminum 0.8mm) a ≤50kPa don kare masu aiki.

;4. Jagororin Zaɓe da Kulawa;

• ;Zaɓin da ke Amfani da Aikace-aikace:

• ;Yankunan Yanzu Masu Laifi Mai Girma: Yi amfani da GIS mai rufi na SF6 don ƙarfafa ƙarfin dielectric.
• ;Muhalli Masu Tsauri: Zaɓi wuraren rufewa masu ƙimar IP54 tare da rufin da ke jure tsatsa.
  • ;Gwaji na Kullum:
• ;Juriyar Tuntuɓa: ≤100μΩ (ana auna ta hanyar micro-ohmmeter).
• ;Gwajin Dielectric: 1.2/50μs bugun walƙiya (±10% haƙuri).
• ;Dorewa ta Inji: Ayyuka sama da 5,000 ga masu karya da'ira.

;5. Abubuwan da ke Faruwa a Zamani;

1. ;Dijitalization:

• Smart switchgear yana haɗa na'urori masu auna zafin jiki na IoT don yanayin zafi na ainihi, girgiza, da kuma sa ido kan fitarwa na wani ɓangare.
• Misali: Dandalin EcoStruxure na Schneider Electric yana ba da damar kula da hasashen yanayi ta hanyar nazarin gajimare.
  2. ;Dorewa:
• Madadin da ba shi da SF6 (misali, injin tsotsa ko rufin da ke da ƙarfi) yana rage fitar da hayakin hayakin da ke haifar da gurɓataccen iska da kashi 95%.
  3. ;Tsarin Modular:
• Kabad ɗin da ke ɗauke da plug-and-play (misali, UniGear ZS1 na ABB) suna rage lokacin shigarwa da kashi 40%.

;Nassoshi;

• IEC 62271-200:Makullan wuta mai rufewa da ƙarfe mai iskar gas
• IEEE C37.2:Lambobin aikin na'urar da aka saba amfani da su don tsarin wutar lantarki
• Grid na Ƙasa na Burtaniya:Mafi kyawun hanyoyin kula da Switchgear